Fulcher grew up in Meridian, Idaho, and graduated from Meridian High School. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees in business administration from Boise State University in 1984 and 1988, respectively. He earned a certificate in electrical engineering theory from Micron Technology. Fulcher's career experience included working in real estate and as a sales and marketing director with Micron Technology. Fulcher served in the Idaho State Senate from 2005 to 2014.
